Alprazolam
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How the databases line up — = agree, ≈ partial, ≠ differ. In lists, shared items appear in every source and unique ones in only one (matched case-insensitively).
| PsychonautWiki | TripSit | Pharmacology | DrugCentral | DailyMed | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Classification | ||||||
| Class / category | — | — | — | ≈ | ||
| Also known as | XanaxAlprazolamKsalol | xanaxprazolamksalolniravam | — | — | — | ≈ |
| Safety | ||||||
| Addiction potential | extremely physically and psychologically addictive | — | — | — | — | |
| Toxicity | low toxicitypotentially lethal when mixed with depressants like alcohol, opioids, or barbiturates | — | — | — | — | |
| Dangerous interactions | — | — | — | — | ||
| Dose · Inhaled | ||||||
| Threshold | 0.05 mg | — | — | — | — | |
| Light | 0.05–0.25 mg | — | — | — | — | |
| Common | 0.25–0.5 mg | — | — | — | — | |
| Strong | 0.5–1 mg | — | — | — | — | |
| Heavy | 1 mg+ | — | — | — | — | |
| Dose · Oral | ||||||
| Threshold | 0.1 mg | — | — | — | — | |
| Light | 0.25–0.5 mg | 0.25–0.5 mg | — | — | — | = |
| Common | 0.5–1.5 mg | 0.5–1.5 mg | — | — | — | = |
| Strong | 1.5–2 mg | 1.5–2 mg | — | — | — | = |
| Heavy | 2 mg+ | 2 mg+ | — | — | — | = |
| Duration | ||||||
| Onset | 5–10 seconds | 15–40 minutes | — | — | — | ≠ |
| Total | 4–5 hours | 5–8 hours | — | — | — | ≠ |
| After-effects | 6–24 hours | 6–24 hours | — | — | — | = |
| Pharmacology | ||||||
| Receptor activity | — | — | GABA A receptor alpha-2/beta-2/gamma-2GABA-A receptor; alpha-1/beta-2/gamma-2GABA A receptor alpha-3/beta-2/gamma-2Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5/beta-2/gamma-2GABA-A receptor; anion channelUnchecked | GABRA1GABRG2BRD4CckarCYP3A4PTAFR | — | ≠ |
| Half-life | — | — | Alprazolam has a mean plasma elimination half-life of 11.2 hours in healthy patients (range 6.3-26.9 hours). The mean half-life is 16.3 hours (range 9.0-26.9 hours) in the elderly, 21.8 hours (range 9.9-40.4 hours) in obese patients, and 19.7 hours (range 5.8-65.3 hours) in patients with alcoholic liver disease. The half-life is 25% higher in Asian patients compared to Caucasians. Other studies have shown the half-life to be 9-16h. The extended-release formulation has a half-life of 10.7-15.8 hours in healthy adult patients. Using a specific assay methodology, the mean plasma elimination half-life of alprazolam has been found to be about 11.2 hours (range: 6.3-26.9 hours) in healthy adults. | — | — | |
| Protein binding | — | — | Alprazolam is ~80% protein-bound in serum. The majority of this protein binding is to serum albumin. Alprazolam is also bound to alpha1-acid glycoprotein with low frequency. | — | — | |
Dose at a glance
Each database's primary-route ladder on one shared scale — see where ranges line up or shift.
Duration at a glance
Total duration on one shared scale.
PsychonautWiki summary
Fatal overdose may occur when benzodiazepines are combined with other depressants such as opiates, barbiturates, gabapentinoids, thienodiazepines, alcohol or other GABAergic substances.[1] It is strongly discouraged to combine these substances, particularly in common to heavy doses.
TripSit summary
An extremely common benzodiazepine better known as Xanax, frequently prescribed for the treatment of anxiety and panic disorders. Alprazolam is short-lasting and primarily anxiolytic, though also possesses hypnotic properties. At high doses amnesia and loss of inhibition are common. Do not mix with other depressants.
Fact-sheets from PsychonautWiki. Harm-reduction reference only — not medical advice.