Tramadol
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| PsychonautWiki | TripSit | Pharmacology | DrugCentral | DailyMed | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Classification | ||||||
| Class / category | — | — | — | ≈ | ||
| Also known as | TramadolTramalTadolTramacurTramundin | tram | — | — | — | ≠ |
| Safety | ||||||
| Addiction potential | moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse | — | — | — | — | |
| Toxicity | low toxicitypotentially lethal when mixed with depressants like alcohol or benzodiazepines | — | — | — | — | |
| Dangerous interactions | — | — | — | ≈ | ||
| Unsafe interactions | — | — | — | ≈ | ||
| Dose · Oral | ||||||
| Threshold | 25 mg | — | — | — | — | |
| Light | 25–100 mg | 50–100 mg | — | — | — | ≠ |
| Common | 100–250 mg | 100–250 mg | — | — | — | = |
| Strong | 250–300 mg | — | — | — | — | |
| Heavy | 300 mg+ | 250 mg+ | — | — | — | ≠ |
| Duration | ||||||
| Onset | 15–60 minutes | 1 hours | — | — | — | ≠ |
| Total | 6–10 hours | 5–7 hours | — | — | — | ≠ |
| After-effects | — | 1–12 hours | — | — | — | |
| Pharmacology | ||||||
| Receptor activity | — | — | — | OPRM1OPRD1OPRK1SLC6A2SLC6A4SLC22A1 | — | |
| Half-life | — | — | Tramadol reported a half-life of 5-6 hours while the M1 metabolite presents a half-life of 8 hours. Healthy elderly subjects aged 65 to 75 years have plasma tramadol concentrations and elimination half-lives comparable to those observed in healthy subjects less than 65 years of age. In subjects over 75 years, maximum serum concentrations are elevated (208 vs. 162 ng/mL) and the elimination half-life is prolonged (7 vs. 6 hours) compared to subjects 65 to 75 years of age. Metabolism of tramadol and M1 is reduced in patients with advanced cirrhosis of the liver, resulting in ... longer tramadol and M1 elimination half-lives (13 hr for tramadol and 19 hr for M1). The mean terminal plasma elimination half-lives of racemic tramadol and racemic M1 are 6.3 +/- 1.4 and 7.4 +/- 1.4 hours, respectively. The plasma elimination half-life of racemic tramadol increased from approximately six hours to seven hours upon multiple dosing. The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of two orally administered doses of tramadol (5 and 10 mg/kg) and its major metabolite (O-desmethyltramadol) (M1) in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). After oral administration, the half-life of tramadol administered at 5 and 10 mg/kg was 20.35 and 22.67 hr, whereas the half-life of M1 was 10.23 and 11.26 hr, respectively. ... For more Biological Half-Life (Complete) data for TRAMADOL (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page. | — | — | |
| Protein binding | — | — | About 20% of the administered dose is found to bind to plasma proteins. Protein binding appears to be independent of concentrations up to 10μg/mL. Saturation only occurs at concentrations outside of the clinical range. | — | — | |
Dose at a glance
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Duration at a glance
Total duration on one shared scale.
PsychonautWiki summary
Fatal overdose may occur when opiates are combined with other depressants such as benzodiazepines, barbiturates, gabapentinoids, thienodiazepines, alcohol or other GABAergic substances.[1] It is strongly discouraged to combine these substances, particularly in common to heavy doses.
TripSit summary
A synthetic opioid analgesic, tramadol is used to treat moderate pain and can be considered a medium-strength opioid. Tramadol also has the unusual effect of being a serotonin releasing agent and a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and as a consequence should not be taken in excess due to the risk of serotonin syndrome. Risk of seizures above 300mg doses.
Fact-sheets from PsychonautWiki. Harm-reduction reference only — not medical advice.